Biography Formative years Sacagawea was born into an Agaidika (Salmon Eater) tribe of Lemhi Shoshone between Kenney Creek and Agency Creek about twenty or so minutes clear of present-day Salmon in Lemhi County, Idaho. In 1800, when she involved twelve, she as well as some other girls were kidnapped utilizing a band of Hidatsa (better known as Minnetarees) in the battle that caused the death of four years old Shoshone men, four ladies and several boys. She ended up being taken up a Hidatsa village near present-day Washburn, North Dakota. At about thirteen years old, Sacagawea was taken as a wife by Toussaint Charbonneau, a Quebecer trapper coping with the village. He previously also taken another young Shoshone named Otter Woman as a wife. Charbonneau reportedly with the idea to have purchased both wives out of the Hidatsa, or won Sacagawea while gambling (the gambling would be the more reliable of reports).[citation needed] The Lewis and Clark expeditions Sacagawea was pregnant together with her first child should the Corps of Discovery arrived near the Hidatsa villages to pay a bitter winter of 1804-1805. Captains Meriwether Lewis and William Clark built Fort Mandan and interviewed several trappers who might also translate or move the expedition further inside the Missouri River in the springtime. They provided to hire Charbonneau being an interpreter as soon as they discovered his wife spoke the Shoshone language, since they knew on many occasions they'd need the assistance of the Shoshone tribes along at the headwaters of the Missouri. Lewis recorded in journal on November 4, 1804: "a French man by Name Chabonah, who speaks the larger Belly language check us out, he wanted to hire and informed us his 2 squars were snake Indians, we engage him to take a with us and take one his wives to interpret the Snake language" [sic] Charbonneau and Sacagawea moved straight into the fort a week later. Lewis recorded the birth of Jean Baptiste Charbonneau last month 11, 1805, noting that another of this party's interpreters administered crushed rattlesnake rattles from Lewis' specimen collection to hurry the delivery. The boy was called "Little Pomp" or "Pompy" by Clark while others in your expedition. In April, the expedition left Fort Mandan and headed up the Missouri River in pirogues, which in fact had to get poled and often pulled belonging to the riverbanks. On May 14, 1805, Sacagawea rescued goods that had fallen outside of a capsized boat, like the journals and records of Lewis and Clark. The corps commanders, who praised her quick action this time, would name the Sacagawea River in their own honor on May 20. By August 1805 the corps had located a Shoshone tribe and was wanting to trade for horses to cross the Rocky Mountains. Sacagawea was made possible to translate, and this is discovered the tribe's chief was her brother, Cameahwait. Lewis recorded the reunion on his journal: "Shortly after Capt. Clark arrived aided by the Interpreter Charbono, plus the Indian woman, who turned out to be a sister with the Chief Cameahwait. The meeting of such people became affecting, particularly between Sah cah-gar-we-ah as well Indian woman, who were taken prisoner on the other hand with your girlfriend, and who had afterwards escaped belonging to the Minnetares and rejoined her nation." And Clark in: "The Interpreter & Square who have been before me at Far danced for the joyful Sight, and he or she made signs opinion they were her nation." The Shoshone allowed us barter horses to the group, and provide guides to lead them in the treacherously cold and barren Rocky Mountains, where we were looking at reduced to eating tallow candles to survive. Once they descended straight into the more temperate regions opposed to this, Sacagawea helped to get and cook camas roots to help them regain their strength. Lewis and Clark for the Lower Columbia by Charles Marion Russell Given that the expedition approached the mouth from the Columbia River, Sacagawea quit her beaded belt so as to encourage the captains to trade for the fur robe they tried to go back to President Jefferson. The journal entry for November 20, 1805 reads: "one in the Indians had using a roab produced from 2 Sea Otter Skins the fur of those were more butifull than any fur I had produced ever Seen both Capt. Lewis & my Self endeavored to shop for the roab with different articles in more detail we precured it for one belt of blue beeds the fact that Squarife individuals interpreter Shabono wore around her waste...." After the corps reached the Sea at long last, all people in the expeditionncluding Sacagawea and Clark's black manservant Yorkere allowed to practice a November 24 vote around the location where they might build their fort in the winter. In January, each whale's carcass washed up on the beach south of Fort Clatsop, she insisted upon her straight to visit this "monstrous fish". Within the return trip, they approached the Rocky Mountains in July 1806. On July 6, Clark recorded "The Indian woman informed me that they was with this plain frequently and knew rid of it.... She said we'd choose a gap in the wilderness individuals direction..." which is certainly now Gibbons Pass. Soon after, on July 13, Sacagawea advised Clark to cross on the Yellowstone River basin at just what is now named Bozeman Pass, later chosen because optimal route for that Northern Pacific Railway to cross the continental divide. While Sacagawea often appears in romantic depictions as being a guide for the expedition, she provided direction in a mere a few instances. Her translation efforts also helped the party to negotiate considering the Shoshone. However, her greatest value within the mission was probably simply her presence, which indicated their peaceful intent. On a trip through precisely what is now Franklin County, Washington, Clark noted "The Indian woman confirmed the select few of our friendly intentions, as no woman ever accompanies a war party of Indians in such a quarter" and "the wife of Shabono our interpetr we discover reconsiles the many Indians, in regards to our freindly intentions an attractive having a party of males can be described as token of peace." When he traveled down the river from Fort Mandan at the end within the journey, Clark wrote correspondence to Charbonneau: "You happen to be some time along with me and conducted yourself in that manner about gain my friendship, the girl who accompanied you that long dangerous and fatigueing rout in to the Pacific Ocian and back diserved a larger reward on her behalf attention and services on that rout than we were treated to in our capability give her around the Mandans. As to your little Son (my boy Pomp) you well know my fondness of him and my anxiety for taking him and lift him as my child...For anyone who is desposed acknowledge either of my purports to you and also brings down you Son your famn [femme, woman] Janey had best come along with anyone to maintain your boy until I have him....Wishing yourself and your family positive results & with anxious expectations of seeing my little danceing boy Baptiest I shall remain your Friend, William Clark" Later life and death Following the expedition, Charbonneau and Sacagawea spent three years associated with the Hidatsa before accepting William Clark's invitation to stay in St. Louis, Missouri in 1809. They entrusted Jean-Baptiste's education to Clark, who enrolled the child on the Saint Louis Academy boarding school. Sacagawea delivered a daughter, Lizette, sometime after 1810. In line with Bonnie "Spirit Wind-Walker" Butterfield, historical documents suggest Sacagawea died in 1812 associated with an unknown sickness: "An 1811 journal entry given by Henry Brackenridge, a fur dealer at Fort Manuel Lisa Trading Post to the Missouri River, stated that both Sacagawea and Charbonneau were living on the fort. He recorded that Sacagawea "had become sickly and longed to revisit her native country." One year later, John Luttig, a clerk at Fort Manuel Lisa recorded with his journal on December 20, 1812, that "the wife of Charbonneau, a Snake Squaw [the common expression used to denote Shoshone Indians], died of putrid fever." He left on to talk about that she was "aged about 20 years. She resulted in a fine infant girl". Documents held by Clark reveal that her son Baptiste had previously been entrusted by Charbonneau into Clark's take care of a boarding school education, at Clark's insistence (Jackson, 1962)." Several months later, fifteen men were killed within an Indian attack on Fort Lisa, located inside the mouth of your Bighorn River. John Luttig and Sacagawea's young child were one of many survivors. Toussaint Charbonneau was mistakenly regarded as were killed presently, but he apparently lived to no less than eighty. He signed over formal custody of his son to Clark in 1813. As further proof that Sacagawea died in 1812, Butterfield writes: "An adoption document manufactured in the Orphans Court record in St. Louis, Missouri states, 'On August 11, 1813, William Clark had become the guardian of 'Tousant Charbonneau, a boy about 10 years, and Lizette Charbonneau, one about baby.' For a Missouri State Court at the time, to designate children as orphaned as well as allow an adoption, single parents needed to be confirmed dead the condition papers." "The last recorded document citing Sacagawea's existence appears in William Clark's original notes written between 1825-1826. He lists the names each and every on the expedition members and their last known whereabouts. For Sacagawea he writes: "Se car ja we au- Dead." (Jackson, 1962)." It is not necessarily believed Lizette survived childhood, since there is very little later record of her among Clark's papers. An 1884 death? Some Native American oral traditions relate that and not dying in 1812, Sacagawea left her husband Charbonneau, crossed the good Plains and married perfectly into a Comanche tribe. She was believed to have returned on the Shoshone in Wyoming, where she died in 1884. The question of Sacagawea's final resting place caught the interest of national suffragists seeking voting rights for ladies, based on author Raymond Wilson. Wilson argues that Sacagawea became a task model whom suffragettes pointed to "with pride." Wilson procedes to note: "Interest in Sacajawea peaked and controversy intensified when Dr. Grace Raymond Hebard, professor of political economy at the University of Wyoming in Laramie plus active supporter belonging to the Nineteenth Amendment, campaigned for federal legislation to erect an edifice honoring Sacajawea's death in 1884." Marker of grave imagined to be Sacajawea's, Fort Washakie, Wyoming In 1925, Dr. Charles Eastman, a Dakota Sioux physician, was hired by way of the Bureau of Indian Affairs to seek out Sacagawea's remains. Eastman visited a number of Native American tribes to interview elderly those who might have known or aware of Sacagawea, and discovered a Shoshone woman in the Wind River Reservation using the Comanche name Porivo (chief woman). Some people he interviewed announced that she spoke from the long journey where she had helped white men, and that also she'd a silver Jefferson peace medal belonging to the type carried by the Lewis and Clark Expedition. He found a Comanche woman called Tacutine who asserted that Porivo was her grandmother. She had married straight into a Comanche tribe along with a variety of children, including Tacutine's father Ticannaf. Porivo left the tribe after her husband Jerk-Meat was killed. Reported by these narratives, Porivo lived for long periods at Fort Bridger in Wyoming with your ex wife sons Bazil and Baptiste, who each knew several languages, including English and French. Eventually she found her sources that are into the Lemhi Shoshone inside the Wind River Indian Reservation, where she was recorded as "Bazil's mother". This woman died on April 9, 1884, along with Reverend John Roberts officiated at her funeral. It was Eastman's conclusion that Porivo was Sacagawea. In 1963 a monument to "Sacajawea for the Shoshonis" was erected at Fort Washakie for the Wind River reservation near Lander, Wyoming based on this claim. The option that Sacagawea lived to aging and died in Wyoming was widely disseminated in the with the 1933 biography Sacajawea by University of Wyoming professor and historian Grace Raymond Hebard. Hebard's 20 years of research which contributed to the biography of the Shoshone woman known as into question by critics. Hebard presents a stout-hearted woman in their portrayal of Sacajawea that is certainly "undeniably long on romance and short on evidence, affected by a sentimentalization of Indian culture". In her own novel Sacajawea (1984), Anna Lee Waldo explored the tale of Sacajawea's okay Wyoming 50 years after her departure. The article author was well aware of the historical research supporting an 1812 death, but she thought to explore the oral tradition. Name A long-running controversy has surrounded the precise spelling, pronunciation, and etymology belonging to the woman's name. Sacagawea Sacagawea (English pronunciation: /skwi/) one among the widely used spelling of her name, is pronounced that has a hard "g" sound, rather than soft "g" or "j" sound. Lewis and Clark's original journals mention Sacagawea by name seventeen times, spelled eight various methods, every time by using a "g". Clark used Sahkahgarwea, Sahcahgagwea, Sarcargahwea and Sahcahgahweah, while Lewis used Sahcahgahwea, Sahcahgarweah, Sahcargarweah and Sahcahgar Wea. The spelling Sacagawea was established in 1910 because proper usage in government documents by the Us Bureau of yankee Ethnology, and its the spelling adopted through the United states of america Mint for use with the dollar coin, together with the Country Board on Geographic Names plus the U.S. National Park Service. The spelling is required by the many historical scholars. Sakakawea Sakakawea /skkwi/ may be the next most generally adopted spelling, as well as the frequently accepted among specialists. Proponents repeat the name stems from the Hidatsa language tsakka wa, "bird woman". Charbonneau told expedition members that his wife's name meant "Bird Woman", and in May 1805 Lewis used the Hidatsa meaning on his journal: "a handsome river of approximately fifty yards wide discharged itself on the shell river...this stream we called Sah-ca-gah-we-ah or bird woman River, after our interpreter the Snake woman." Sakakawea is the official spelling of her name in accordance with the Three Affiliated Tribes, consisting of the Hidatsa, and is also used throughout North Dakota (where jane is considered circumstances heroine), notably around the naming of Lake Sakakawea, the extensive reservoir of Garrison Dam about the Missouri River. The North Dakota State Historical Society quotes Russell Reid's book Sakakawea: The Bird Woman: Her Hidatsa name, which Charbonneau stated meant "Bird Woman," will be spelled "Tsakakawias" depending on foremost Hidatsa language authority, Dr. Washington Matthews. If this name is anglicized for simple pronunciation, it might be Sakakawea, "Sakaka" meaning "bird" and "wea" meaning "woman." This is actually the spelling adopted by North Dakota. The spelling authorized in the having access to Federal agencies by its Usa Geographic Board is Sacagawea. However, not closely following Hidatsa spelling, the pronunciation is kind of similar together with the Geographic Board acknowledged the name will probably be Hidatsa word meaning "Bird Woman." However, Irving W. Anderson, president for the Lewis and Clark Trail Heritage Foundation, argued: ...the Sakakawea spelling similarly is just not based in the Lewis and Clark journals. For the contrary, this spelling traces its origin neither via the personal experience of her nor in different primary literature from the expedition. It really has been independently made out of two Hidatsa Indian words found in a dictionary titled Ethnography and Philology for the Hidatsa Indians, published through the Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C., 1877. Authored by as a famous Army surgeon, Dr. Washington Matthews, 65 years following Sacagawea's death, the language appear verbatim while in the dictionary as "tsa-ka-ka, noun; a bird," and "mia [wia, bia], noun; ladies. Sacajawea The name Sacajawea or Sacajewea /skdwi/, as opposed to the Hidatsa etymology, is alleged to become producing from Shoshone Saca-tzaw-meah, meaning "boat puller" or "boat launcher". This is the preferred spelling employed the Lemhi Shoshone people, most of whom are convinced that her Hidatsa captors merely reinterpreted her existing Shoshone name in their own individual language, and pronounced it in her own dialect -- they heard a name that approximated "tsakaka" and "wia", and interpreted becoming "bird woman", substituting hard "g/k" pronunciation for any softer "tz/j" sound that could not exist in the Hidatsa language. The application of this spelling in all probability originated from use of the "j" spelling by Nicholas Biddle, who annotated the Lewis and Clark Expedition's journals for publication in 1814. This usage became more widespread using the publication for the 1902 novel, The Conquest: The particular Story of Lewis and Clark, produced by Eva Emery Dye. It is likely Dye used Biddle's secondary source with the spelling, and her highly popular book managed to get ubiquitous all over the U . s (previously most non-scholars had never even heard of Sacagawea). Rozina George, great-great-great-great-grandaughter of Cameahwait, says the Agaidika tribe of Lemhi Shoshone tend not to recognize the spelling or pronunciation Sacagawea, and schools and various other memorials erected in the market surrounding her birthplace use a spelling Sacajawea. "The Lemhi Shoshone call her Sacajawea. It truly is produced the Shoshone word for my child name, Saca tzah we yaa. In the Cash Book, William Clark spells Sacajawea along with a . Also, William Clark and Private George Shannon told to Nicholas Biddle (Published the initial Lewis and Clark Journals in 1814) about the pronunciation of her name and in what way the tz sounds a lot more a . What better authority on your pronunciation of her name than Clark and Shannon who traveled with your ex wife and constantly heard the pronunciation of her name? We really do not believe it is a Minnetaree (Hidatsa) word on her behalf name. Sacajawea is a Lemhi Shoshone not just a Hidatsa." Idaho native John Rees explored the "boat launcher" etymology with a long letter towards United states of america Commissioner of Indian Affairs written in the 1920s; it absolutely was republished in 1970 via the Lemhi County Historical Society being a pamphlet titled "Madame Charbonneau" and allows you will find many arguments exclusively use the Shoshone derivation with the name. The spelling Sacajawea, though widely taught up until the late Last century, is generally considered incorrect in modern academia. Linguistics professor Dr. Sven Liljeblad within the Idaho State University in Pocatello has concluded that "it is not likely that Sacajawea is often a Shoshoni word.... The phrase for 'boat' in Shoshoni is saiki, nevertheless other countries in the alleged compound is going to be incomprehensible to a new native speaker of Shoshoni." The spelling has subsided from general use, the corresponding "soft j" pronunciation persists in American culture. In entertainment Fiction Sakakawea Monument, Mobridge, South Dakota, 2003 Two early twentieth-century novels shaped a lot of potential fans and patrons perception of Sacagawea. The Conquest: The actual Story of Lewis and Clark, was created by American suffragist Eva Emery Dye and published in 1902 in anticipation of the expedition's centennial. The nation's American Woman Suffrage Association embraced her as the female hero, and numerous stories and essays about her appeared in ladies' journals. Some decades later, Sacagawea (1933) by Grace Hebard was published to sustained success. Sacagawea has since dont popular figure in historical and young adult novels, such as the long 1984 novel Sacajawea by Anna Lee Waldo. Some fictional accounts for the expedition speculate that Sacagawea was romantically affiliated with Lewis or Clark in their expedition. Whilst the journals reveal that she was friendly with Clark and would often do favors for him, the thought of a loving liaison was given birth to by novelists who wrote with regard to the expedition much later. This fiction was perpetuated in the 1955 Western film The Far Horizons. Film Several movies, both documentaries and fiction, have already been made about Sacagawea. Night within the Museum 2: Battle for the Smithsonian (2009) - played by Mizuo Peck The Spirit of Sacajawea (2007) Night inside the Museum (2006) - played by Mizuo Peck Bill and Meriwether's Excellent Adventure (2006) - played by Crystal Lysne Journey of Sacagawea (2004) Jefferson's West (2003) - played by Cedar Henry Lewis & Clark: Great Journey West (2002) - played by Alex Rice The Far Horizons (1955) - played by Donna Reed Music Sacagewea is referenced inside the Stevie Wonder song "Black Man", out of your album Songs while in the Key of Life. In the "Piano Concerto No. 2 after Lewis & Clark", by Philip Glass, another movement is titled "Sacagawea". Memorials Sacagawea River Lake Sakakawea USS Sacagawea, one of the many Nation ships named in her honor Sacagawea dollar Mount Sacagawea, Fremont County, Wyoming, additionally, the associated Sacagawea Glacier Mount Sacajawea, Wallowa County, Oregon Sacagawea Peak, Gallatin County, Montana Sacagawea Peak, Custer County, Idaho Sacajawea Patera, a caldera on Venus The Sacajawea Center The Sacajawea Interpretive, Cultural, and academic Center is often a 71-acre (290,000 m2) park situated Salmon, Idaho by your rivers and mountains of Sacajawea homeland. It will be "owned and operated through the City of Salmon, in partnership with the Bureau of Land Management, Idaho Governor's Lewis & Clark Trail Committee, Salmon-Challis National Forest, Idaho Department of Fish & Game, and numerous non-profit and volunteer organizations". In sculpture Sacagawea, sculpted by Alice Cooper, in Washington Park (Portland, Oregon) Cheney, Washington, by Harold Balazs: A statue of Sacagawea is displayed inside the rose garden watching the President House at Eastern Washington University. Bismarck, North Dakota, by Leonard Crunelle: A statue of Sacagawea and baby Pomp appears on the basis of north of manchester Dakota State Capitol, together with a replica of computer represents North Dakota inside the National Statuary Hall Collection in north america Capitol Visitor Center. Interestingly, a North Dakota law, around the books a lot more than a hundred years, prohibits any statuary whatsoever on State-owned grounds, so a unique law would have to be passed if you want to permit the display for the Capitol grounds, where it occupies a point of prestige for the lawn ahead of the state capitol building. St Louis, Missouri, by Harry Weber sculptor: A statue of Sacagawea and her baby in any cradle board is protected with the diorama with the Lewis & Clark expedition that may be displayed during the lobby from the St. Louis Drury Plaza Hotel, based in the historical International Fur Exchange building. Portland, Oregon, by Alice Cooper: A statue of Sacagawea and Jean-Baptiste was unveiled July 6, 1905 and relocated to Washington Park, April 6, 1906 Godfrey, Illinois, by Glenna Goodacre: At Lewis and Clark Community College; through same artist who designed the at the Sacagawea dollar. Charlottesville, Virginia, by Charles Keck: A statue of Meriwether Lewis, William Clark and Sacagawea was sculpted in 1919. Boise, Idaho: Set up in front within the Idaho History Museum in July 2003. Lewiston, Idaho: Multiple statues, including one over the main approach to the hub. Great Falls, Montana, by Robert Scriver: Bronze 3/4 scale statue of Sacagawea, her baby Jean-Baptise, Lewis, Clark, along with the Newfoundland dog Seaman, with the Lewis and Clark National Historic Trail Interpretive Center in Great Falls, Montana. Fort Benton, Montana, by Robert Scriver: A sculpture of Sacagawea and her baby, and Captains Lewis and Clark, from the river side sculpture park. Astoria, Oregon, at Netul Landing in Lewis and Clark National Historical Park: Bronze statue of Sacagawea and Jean-Baptiste. Longview, Washington, a statue of Sacagawea and Jean-Baptiste was used in Lake Sacajawea Park on the Hemlock St. footbridge in 2005. *Lander, Wyoming: In local cemetery . Fourteen miles West on US 287 & then two miles West (looking for a turn). Turnoff two to three miles South of Fort Washakie. You will discover a tall statue of Sacagawea (six feet) with tombstones downhill of her, husband, & two children. Additionally there is a monument on-site. References ^ "Captain Clark developed the nickname "Janey" for Sacagawea, which he transcribed twice, November 24, 1805, in journal, plus instructions to Toussaint, August 20, 1806. It truly is considered that Clark's by using "Janey" created from "jane," colloquial army slang for girl." Anderson, Irving W. "The Sacagawea Mystique" ^ Fresonke, Kris and Spence, Mark David. Lewis & Clark: Legacies, Memories, and New Perspectives. University of California Press, February 25, 2004. ISBN 978-0520238220 ^ , Lemhi County Historical Museum. ^ a b George, Rozina. "Agaidika Perspective on Sacajawea", Extremely deep seated Learning: The Lewis and Clark Rediscovery Project. ^ a b The Journals of the Lewis and Clark Expedition Online: August 17, 1805 ^ The Journals of the Lewis and Clark Expedition Online: November 20, 1805 ^ The Journals from the Lewis and Clark Expedition Online: October 13, 1805 ^ "Sacagawea in primary sources". http://artsci.wustl.edu/~landc/2003/projects/projects2001/indianwomen/Sacajewea-primary%20sources.html. Retrieved 2008-06-21. ^ a b Drumm, Stella M., ed. (1920). "Journal of an Fur-trading Expedition relating to the Upper Missouri: John Luttig, 1812-1813". St. Louis: Missouri Historical Society. ^ a b Butterfield, Bonnie "Spirit Wind-Walker". "Sacagawea: Captive, Indian Interpreter, Great American Legend: Her lifetime and Death". ^ a b "Ohiyesa: Charles Eastman, Santee Sioux,". http://books.google.com/books?id=nUrhXE8jZnYC. by Raymond Wilson. University of Illinois Press, 1999. ISBN 0252068513 ^ a b Clark, Ella E. and Edmonds, Margot. Sacagawea with the Lewis and Clark Expedition. University of California Press, September 15, 1983. ISBN 978-0520050600 ^ University of Wyoming American Heritage Center ^ Lewis and Clark Trail ^ Sandy Mickelson, "Sacajawea legend might not be correct," The Messenger; Fort Dodge, Iowa. The reporter recounts the findings from Thomas H. Johnson, "Also Called Sacajawea: Chief Woman Stolen Identity." Johnson argues that Hebard had incorrect woman when she relied upon oral history make fish an old woman who died and is buried relating to the Wyoming Wind River Reservation was Sacajawea, the Shoshone woman who taken part in the Lewis and Clark Expedition. ^ Virginia Scharff, "Grace Raymond Hebard: The Independent and Feminine Life; 1861-1936," in Lone Voyagers: Academic Women in Coeducational Universities. 1870 - 1937, Ed. Geraldine Joncich Clifford. The big apple: The Feminist Press around the City University of recent York, 1989. ^ "Reading Lewis and Clark - Thomasma, Clark, and Edmonds", Idaho Commission for Libraries ^ Koontz, John. Etymology. Siouan Languages. Retrieved 2007-04-01 ^ Bright, William (2004). Native American Place Names in the country. Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, pg. 413 ^ Hartley, Alan H. (2002). Society for your Study of one's Indigenous Languages of your Americas Newsletter 20.4:12-13 ^ Reid, Russell. Sakakawea: The Bird Woman. Bismarck: State Historical Society of North Dakota, 1986, as quoted within the State Historical Society of North Dakota document Language Authority, Rev. C. L. Hall, Retrieved 2007-12-12 ^ a b c d Anderson, Irving W. "The Sacagawea Mystique: Her Age, Name, Role and Final Destiny", COLUMBIA Magazine, Fall 1999; Vol. 13, No. 3 (archive URL) ^ a b "The Legend of Her Name", Lemhi County Historical Museum ^ "[The Lewis and Clark Expedition] merited only a single paragraph in John Clark Ridpath's 691-page Popular Excellent the usa of America (1878)." [...] "Within three years of publication of Dye's novel the original book devoted exclusively to Sacagawea, Katherine Chandler's The Bird-Woman in the Lewis and Clark Expedition, appeared as the supplementary reader for elementary school students." [Chandler's book used the "Sacajawea" spelling.] Dippie, Brian W. "Sacagawea Imagery", Chief Washakie Foundation ^ Sacagawea on the Internet Movie Database ^ Sacajawea Interpretive, Cultural, and academic Center ^ Biography and Photo in the Statue of Sacagawea, inside the National Statuary Hall in Washington D.C. ^ "Late May 1805" diorama by Harry Weber. ^ "Sacajawea and Jean-Baptiste", sculpted by Alice Cooper External links Media based on Sacagawea at Wikimedia Commons Categories: 1787 births
1812 deaths
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Explorers of Oregon
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